Saturday, February 14, 2015

Fixing Jupiter's Rotation in Stellarium


I really like Stellarium, having recently started using it to control my scope through EQMod. It is great for scanning the night sky for suitable targets and even lets you zoom in to the planets to see the location of their moons.  What i didn't realise, until recently, is that the surface image of Jupiter showing the Great Red Spot (GRS) does not tie in with the real time rotation of the planet - how frustrating!  However, last night I discovered a work-around that allows you to adjust the rotation speed of the image in Stellarium to correspond with real time, meaning you can use this excellent planetarium software to predict the best time for observing GRS transits.

A Stellarium screenshot showing Jupiter, her moons and the Great Red Spot transit


Many thanks to Dion (of AstronomyShed fame) who provided the original instructions on the East Midlands Stargazers website http://www.eastmidlandsstargazers.org.uk/topic/198-grs-in-stellarium/ 
I have made a slight amendment based on my own system - Windows 7 Ultimate and Stellarium 0.13.1.

Firstly, download a program called 'notepad++' as this is far better for editing code. If you use the default text editor you just end up with a large block of code that is difficult to decipher. Notepad++ can be downloaded from here :-

http://notepad-plus-plus.org/

Once installed, you're going to just have a quick check of a website for transit times, so put in your correct time zone here :-

http://www.skyandtel...html?page=1&c=y

This will tell you when the red spot transits Jupiters meridian, ie, it's in the middle. So make a note of the times, all you need this for is to double check your edits have worked ok.

Next, go to the following location on your hard drive:

C:Users\<folder with computer name or your name>\AppData\Roaming\Stellarium\data

In the data folder you will have a file called ssystem.ini

Right click it and select "edit with notepad++"

Scroll down the list and you will see a section that looks like this :-

[jupiter]
name = Jupiter
parent = Sun
radius = 71492
oblateness = 0.064874
halo = true
color = 1.0,0.97,0.89
tex_map = jupiter.png #texture courtesy of Björn Jónsson
tex_halo = star16x16.png
coord_func = jupiter_special
lighting = true
albedo = 0.51
rot_periode = 9.927953
rot_rotation_offset = 105 #just some value good for GRS #old:151
#rot_obliquity = 2.222461
#rot_equator_ascending_node = -22.203
rot_pole_ra = 268.05
rot_pole_de = 64.49
orbit_visualization_period = 4331.87
atmosphere = 1

The part you want, is "rot_rotation_offset = 250".

Change the '250' to '65' and then at the top left in notepad++ click FILE and then SAVE. Close notepad++ and start stellarium.

**Please note that Dion successfully used the figure of 105, and other users have found different figures that worked for them, so a bit of trial and error may be required. However, I eventually came up with the figure of 65 that worked for me**

Advance the time in stellarium to a time when the above site says there should be a transit, zoom in on Jupiter in Stellarium and now the GRS should be placed around the middle.

All done

Tuesday, September 10, 2013

Getting Started: Learning The Night Sky


Astronomy is a fascinating hobby for the beginner and doesn't necessarily require complicated or expensive equipment to get started. Equipped with nothing more than the naked eye, a map of the stars and an inquisitive mind it is possible to observe many fascinating features of the night sky. Once you are ready to take the next step, a good pair of binoculars is often a much better investment than a similarly priced telescope. Binoculars are simple to use and readily available and will provide you with an excellent view of the moon and planets; constellations; meteor showers and even the odd deep space object. In fact, this is probably the best way to start - it allows you to learn the night sky and navigate easily to points of interest.
A view of Orion from my suburban, light-polluted, garden
There are plenty of books and magazines that you can use to help you find your way around; 'Philip's Stargazing 2013' or a 'Philip's Planisphere' are both popular choices, however, I would particularly recommend 'Turn Left At Orion' by Guy Consolmagno and Dan M. Davis. Written specifically for beginners, it is the perfect reference book for the amateur astronomer, providing easy to follow instructions on how to find the most common celestial objects as well as illustrating how they will appear through low and high powered scopes.

For the more technically minded, there are some excellent interactive planetarium applications available for the home computer, providing a 3D view of the night sky based on the date, time and location. Stellarium is a free application for Windows, Mac and Linux and is extremely popular due to its ease of use and the number of advanced features it boasts, including telescope control, large object databases and detailed information about the objects you may wish to view.

A screenshot from Stellarium
As most people probably don't want to be setting up their home computer out in the garden, there are a number of excellent mobile planetarium Apps available for smartphone and tablet devices, that provide a highly portable interactive sky map. The more advanced of these Apps provide a similar level of features to the free desktop applications, making them a useful tool when trying to find a particular object in the night sky.

Remember, learning your way around the constellations is a fascinating way to start observing the night sky and does not require anything more complicated than a map of the stars and a pair of binoculars. If you do decide to take things further, learning to navigate the stars from the beginning will help you out immensely when you eventually decide to take the plunge and buy your first scope.